Ph. D., 1991, Free University Berlin (Germany), History M.A., 1984, Free University Berlin, History and Economics B.S. in Foreign Service, 1976, Georgetown University, History and Diplomacy Areas of Specialization Social and cultural history of Europe, visual culture and popular culture of the Cold War, technology in the two Germanys since 1945, the G.D.R. (East Germany, 1945-1990), cultural history of technology in Germany, elites, the wealthy in modern Germany