My research interests focus on Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS). General research topics include how human activities affect the natural environment, how human livelihood may be changed due to changes in environmental conditions, what are complex interactions among components in human and natural systems, and how human-environment interactions are influenced by policies. Approaches for these studies include field measures and household surveys, spatial analysis of remote sensing and geo-spatial data, statistical analysis, and complex systems modeling (e.g., agent-based modeling).